I expose several about three tests where we checked grammatical gender consequences for the Gloss
Inside the Try out step 1 (according to research by the browse paradigm by Vigliocco ainsi que al., 2005) i put good categorization activity, where people was requested to determine two words off good triad, in line with the first relationship about their similarity. The target would be to see whether lower than like requirements grammatical gender effects would-be present to have abstract terminology, names from dogs and you will inanimate objects. For the Try out 2, in line with the Implicit Relationship Take to (IAT) paradigm, members performed a beneficial semantic categorization activity significantly less than serious date tension. The objective was to check if grammatical gender is actually implicitly accessible when performing a role one works during the lexical and semantic top. During the Study step 3, we checked the brand new attribution out-of male and female voices to animals and you can inanimate things, exhibited sometimes since terms and conditions otherwise images, to be certain that if the determine away from grammatical gender goes outside of the lexical and you will semantic profile and you will to your artwork representations, and truly evaluating their consequences having spoken and you may artwork stimuli.
I thought your obtained results enables me to decide to try new presumptions of your sex and you may gender theory together with resemblance and practical link gender theory in the context of the brand new Shine vocabulary
According to research by the sex and you can gender hypothesis, grammatical gender outcomes are needed getting stronger in dialects that have a leading structure between the grammatical gender off nouns and the biological sex of its referents. From inside the Polish, that it structure is restricted from the undeniable fact that you will find around three genders from the just one mode (male, women, neutral) as well as 2 genders from the plural form (masculine-personal and you can non-masculine-personal), which have slightly an elaborate reference to its singular equivalents. Grammatical gender out of nouns may vary between their singular and you can plural forms – the brand new low-masculine-private plural setting surrounds all only 1 setting nouns apart from masculine nouns writing about people. Such as, ‘ten pies’ (your dog) that is masculine during the singular function, will get ‘te psy’ (dogs), that is non-masculine-individual in plural, but ‘10 kowal’ (good blacksmith, masculine only one) will get ‘ci kowale’ (blacksmiths, masculine-individual plural). The brand new strict particular new sex and you may gender hypothesis would thus predict insufficient grammatical gender effects inside the Shine, perhaps not in the place of of a lot penned knowledge in german. A less restricted particular new sex and you may gender theory do assume here to be grammatical gender consequences just for nouns referring so you can pets and you will individuals – which have a biological sex. About about three tests shown inside papers, i integrated nouns making reference to pets (Check out 1 and 3), inanimate objects (all the experiments) and you will abstract information (Check out step one).
An alternative foundation strongly related this new sex and gender/similarity and you can gender hypotheses is the fact that the Polish code spends a beneficial wide selection of gender matical gender strongly related to of several components of speech, not just to nouns. Grammatical gender should be considered while using verbs, numerals, adjectives, pronouns, an such like. Therefore the resemblance and you can gender hypothesis carry out anticipate that grammatical gender outcomes show up in most new exhibited studies, using both animate and you can inanimate nouns.
Observing grammatical gender consequences having nouns talking about things which do not have a biological sex would provide good assistance into the resemblance and you will gender hypothesis
Brand new displayed look and additionally will sample a couple of so much more certain browse concerns. Test 2 spends a modified implicit relationship shot to investigate if or not grammatical gender outcomes inside Polish can be found for the lexicosemantic level, and not simply for the conceptual peak. Experiment step three spends a strategy that involves attributing male/female voices so you can objects for the a mobile film) to evaluate whether or not grammatical gender effects occur towards the a conceptual peak. Whenever speaing frankly about lexicosemantic and you can abstract quantities of operating, we utilize the differentiation as in Vigliocco et al. (2005, p. 510): the fresh lexicosemantic top represents the fresh significance out-of terms as well as their linguistic running (fitted into the groups, retrieving and using lexical suggestions, etc.) without the need to manage intellectual representations of your own words’ referents. On the other hand, the fresh abstract top lies in this new intellectual representations of referents in addition to their features, that’s non-linguistic in nature. Playing with code instead of talking about mental representations away from things is precisely lexicosemantic, when you find yourself running rational representations without the need for language is precisely abstract.
